The “Greyzone” Game: China’s Oil and Gas Push in Taiwan’s EEZ

New research reveals that China is operating oil and gas vessels and fixed structures inside Taiwan’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ). This activity, which took place in July and August, is being described as a “greyzone” approach—a method of pushing boundaries without triggering open conflict. At least a dozen assets were observed, with one vessel reportedly coming within 50km of the restricted-waters border near the Taiwan-controlled Pratas Islands.
Experts argue that these operations are a deliberate attempt to blur the lines between commercial activity and strategic coercion. By repeatedly conducting these incursions, China aims to normalize its presence and gradually shrink the operational space that Taipei can contest and defend. This is a subtle but effective way to assert control and chip away at Taiwan’s maritime claims. The use of commercial vessels for this purpose creates a layer of plausible deniability.
Taiwan’s official response has been notably restrained, which has surprised some observers. Critics warn that a muted reaction risks normalizing the encroachment. The lack of a more forceful pushback is attributed to a combination of legal and capacity constraints that complicate Taiwan’s ability to act. Taiwan is in a difficult position, caught between asserting its sovereignty and the risk of a military confrontation.
The presence of permanent structures like wellhead platforms and jackets suggests a long-term commitment to these operations. This is not a temporary survey but a more permanent one, designed to solidify China’s claims. The scale and nature of the assets indicate a serious intent to exploit the resources in the area, regardless of Taiwan’s claims.
The situation is a stark reminder of the challenges posed by “greyzone” tactics. These actions, which fall below the threshold of armed conflict, are difficult to counter using traditional military or diplomatic tools. They pose a significant threat to regional stability and international maritime norms. The international community is still grappling with how to effectively respond to these types of incursions.